Differences between plant cell and
animal cell
Plant cell
|
Animal cell
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Has a cell wall
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No cell wall
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Has chloroplast
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Lacks chloroplast
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Have definite shape
|
Have no definite shape
|
Has a large permanent vacuole
|
Has small temporary vacuole
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They are normally large
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They are usually smaller
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They store oil, proteins, starch
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They store fats and glycogen
|
CELL DIFFERENTIATION
- Cells have different functions and features that make
them better suited to carry out these functions. This is called cell
differentiation.
- Most living things are made up of many structurally and
physiologically adapted different kinds of cells.
- These cells perform specific function and this is
referred to as cell specialization.
- Cell differentiation
refers to the way cells are adapted so that they can carry out function
efficiently.
TISSUE
A tissue is a group of similar cells
performing the same function. Basically there are two types of tissue.
Animal tissue e.g. epithelial
tissue, muscular tissue, blood tissue, nerve tissue, skin tissue.
Plant tissue e.g. meristematic
tissue, parenchyma tissue, collenchyma tissue, vascular tissue(xylem tissue,
phloem tissue).
ORGAN
An organ is a functional unit formed
by a group of specialized tissue.
Animal organ: - heart, kidney, liver, brain, tang, stomach
Plant organ: - roots, leavers, flower, stem
SYSTEM
System is made up of organs that
work together to perform a certain function.
Examples of system are Respiratory
system, digestive system, reproductive system, hormonal system, skeletal system
and blood circulatory system, nervous system.
ORGANISM
An organism is the individual living
organism e.g. Animal and Plant.
An organism is made up of different
systems working together therefore there is special
Tissue
Importance of cell differentiation
Cell differentiations leads to
division of labour.
Division of labour means each cell
does a specific function. This helps the body to carry out
all life processes at the same time
and more efficiently.
To achieve this, cells must become
specialized to carry out special functions.
* Study more about specialized cell
for different function e.g.
White blood cell (WBC) can change their shape to engulf and destroy harmful
pathogen.
Red blood cell (RBC) for transporting oxygen (they are biconcave and lack
nucleus)
Sperm cell – Fertilizes the female egg (have tails for swim pointed head
for easy penetration)
Root hair cells – for absorb water and mineral salts (have extended portion
helps to increase surface area for absorption)
Guard cell – control open and close of stomach (the inner wall is
thinker than outer)
Palisade cell – makes it to expand irregularly
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