BIOLOGY APPARATUS
Biology apparatus are the tools and
equipments needed in order to study Biological experiments effectively.
APPARATUS
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USES
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Hand lens
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Used to magnify specimen/object.
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Sweep nets
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Used to catch small flying
organisms. E.g. Butter flies, housefly
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Fishing nets
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For catching fish and aquatic
animals
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Petri-dish
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Is a shallow glass where specimen
are put for close observation
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Mortar and pestle
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Is small hard bowl used for
crashing or grinding substances
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Crucible
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Is a container in which substances
are heated to very high temperature
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Thermometer
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Used to measure temperature
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Dissecting Kit
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Is a kit that contain all tools
for making dissection of specimen
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Spirit – burner
Bunsen – burner
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Used as a source of heat
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10.
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Dropper
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Used to add liquid during
experiment
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11.
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Spatula
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Used for taking some substance
from the container
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12.
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Test tube holder
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Used to hold test tube
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13.
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Test tube
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Used to hold and heat
chemicals
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14.
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Test tube rack
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Storing test tube
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15.
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White tiles
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Used to put specimen during
experiment that involve colour changes
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16.
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Watch glass
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Is a shallow dish that used as
evaporating surface or cover for beaker
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THE MICROSCOPE
The microscope is an instrument used
to magnify very small specimen so that can be seen clearly.
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MICROSCOPE
1) Light microscope
2) Electron microscope
Light microscope can magnify object
up to 2000 times. This is the type of microscope that is commonly used in
school laboratory.
Electron microscope can magnify a
specimen up to 50000 times.
PARTS OF A LIGHT MICROSCOPE AND
THEIR FUNCTION
1)
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Eye piece
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Has a lens which magnify specimen
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2)
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Body tube
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Support the objective revolving
nose piece
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3)
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Rotating nose piece
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Support the objective lens
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4)
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Objective lens
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Magnify the specimen under
observation.It has three lenses, lower power, medium power and high power
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5)
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Course adjustment knob
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Raises or lowers the body tube in
order to bring the image into focus
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6)
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Arm
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Support the body tube, knobs,
stage diaphragm and mirror. It’s one of the part which is held when
moving the microscope
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7)
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Fine adjustment
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Raises or lowers the body tube in
order to bring the image into sharp focus
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8)
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Ocular tube
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The tube allow light to pass
straight from the objective lens to the eye piece lens
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1.
Place the microscopes on the
laboratory bench or table make sure it’s not near the edge.
2.
Mount the specimen on a microscope
slide, cover it with the cover slip.
3.
Make sure that the low power
objective lens is on line with the eyepiece lens.
4.
Place the slide with the specimen on
the stage.
5.
While looking through the eyepiece,
use your hand to adjust the stage so the light is directed at the specimen on
the stage.
6.
Adjust the course adjustment knob to
bring the specimen focus.
7.
Adjust the fine adjustment knob to
bring the specimen into sharp focus.
8.
Rotate the nose piece to a lighter
power objective lens if you want to observe more details on the specimen.
How to care for light Microscope
- Turn the adjustment knobs slowly, always start with
course adjustment knob.
- Always lift microscope using both hands, one hand
holding the arm and other holding the base.
- When not in use cover the microscope with clean cloth
and store it in a dry, dust free space
- Clean dirty lenses using lens tissue or soft cloth.
- Don’t place the microscope at the edge of the table or
bench as it could be knocked over.
- When not in use for a long time remove the lenses and
put them in desiccators.
- Don’t touch the microscope with wet hands
- Don’t touch the surface of the mirror of the lens with
your fingers.
- Lubricate moving parts regularly.
- Always use a cover slip in order to protect the lens of
the microscope from the substances in the specimen.
- Remove the slides from the stage immediately after use.
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